The Long View

Today’s guest on The Long View is Robin Wigglesworth. Robin is the editor of the Financial Times finance blog, Alphaville. He’s also the author of Trillions, which is the definitive book on the past, present, and future of passive investing. Robin’s joining us today to discuss his latest book, A Fabulous Debt, which is a history of the bond market. The history of the bond market is marked by war, peace, market mania featuring a very colorful cast of characters, and so much more. Robin is such a brilliant writer that he really brings every aspect of a history to life. One of the highlights of the show was when he was talking about the huge amount of capital spending we’re seeing in artificial intelligence and how it parallels the railroad boom in the 19th century. He made the point that debt-fueled capital spending sprees tend to end quite badly, although the scale of capital investment in AI this time around is still quite a bit smaller. As Robin points out, history rarely repeats, but often rhymes, and we might be living through one of those rhyming moments today. We’d love to hear what you think about The Long View podcast. Please take a moment to share your feedback—thanks for listening! Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Why the History of Bond Market Matters 00:09:38 Venice and the Birth of Bonds 00:16:34 How Britain Shaped America’s Financial System 00:24:48 The Poyais Bond Scam 00:30:13 Railroad Capex and AI Spending 00:37:08 Jay Cooke and The Father of Junk Bonds 00:41:55 The Rise of Credit Ratings 00:47:07 How Bond Markets Replaced Banks 00:57:11 How Much Debt Can the US Carry? More From The Long View Wade Pfau: Higher Bond Yields Are a Plus for Retirees Ben Carlson: Exploring Risk and Reward Jeremy Grantham: ‘Almost Everything Looks More Attractive Than the US Equity Market’ If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Elliott Appel. He’s a financial planner and the founder of Kindness Financial Planning. He’s also an author. His latest book is called How to Help Your Parents As They Age: A Financial Planner’s Guide to Caregiving, which chronicles his father’s last years and the key lessons he learned along the way. He’s also co-host of his own podcast called the ME and Money Podcast. We really loved this conversation because Elliott provided so many tangible tips that people can use to help their parents, and his personal story really provides a lot of color. We’d love to hear what you think about The Long View podcast. Please take a moment to share your feedback—thanks for listening! Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:01:23 Financial Planning Through Life Transitions 00:03:22 Appel’s Journey Planning for His Father 00:08:45 How an Eldercare Consultant Can Help 00:13:03 Estate Planning and Choosing the Right Power of Attorney 00:17:05 Guardrails for Aging Parents’ Finances 00:24:43 Put Parents on Your Cellphone Plan 00:27:17 Navigating Healthcare, Housing, and Care Transitions 00:33:59 Managing Caregiver Stress and Burnout 00:43:31 Rethinking Aging and Death in the US More From The Long View Beth Pinsker: Lessons From ‘My Mother’s Money’ Kathleen Rehl: Helping Widows and the Advisors Who Serve Them Sally Balch Hurme: Getting Your Affairs in Order as You Get Older If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Jeff Ptak. He’s a longtime Morningstar employee and currently serves as managing director for Morningstar Research Services. He originally joined Morningstar back in 2002 as a senior mutual fund analyst. Jeff was one of the original two co-hosts of this podcast and regularly posts his thoughts on Morningstar.com, Substack, X, and LinkedIn. Ptak’s work really focuses on investor outcomes. One of the highlights from the podcast today was when Ptak talked about how such a small number of stocks tend to generate a disproportionate amount of the market returns and what that means for diversified actively managed funds. He also discusses what target-date funds get right for investors, as well as what some of them may be missing. We’d love to hear what you think about The Long View podcast. Please take a moment to share your feedback—thanks for listening! Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Mind the Gap and Investor Behavior 00:08:15 Crypto ETFs and Timing Mistakes 00:11:44 Active Funds and Letting Winners Run 00:23:11 Improving Investor Outcomes Through Lower Costs 00:30:20 Private Markets, SpaceX, and 401(k) Risks 00:34:26 Thematic ETFs, Speculation, and Fun Money 00:38:51 Market Timing Myths and Portfolio Construction 00:42:27 Is Tech’s Dominance Sustainable? More From Morningstar Read: Mind the Gap 2026 Leyla Kunimoto: Why Investors in Private Markets Need a Louder Voice Will Danoff: ‘Be Very Careful of Unprofitable Companies’ Don Phillips: Encouraging Better Outcomes for Investors If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today on the podcast, we welcome back Jean Chatzky. Jean is the author of a new book about retirement planning called The Forever Paycheck: The New Retirement Strategy to Spend More, Worry Less, and Never Run Out of Money. In addition, she has written several other New York Times bestselling books about money and investing. She’s also CEO of HerMoney.com and host of the podcast Her Money with Jean Chatzky. She served as the financial editor of NBC Today for 25 years and is the financial ambassador for AARP. She appeared frequently on CNN and MSNBC, and was a recurring guest on The Oprah Winfrey Show. We’d love to hear what you think about The Long View podcast. Please take a moment to share your feedback—thanks for listening! Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:01:00 Why Retirees Struggle to Spend 00:05:18 Creating a Retirement Paycheck 00:09:25 Choosing Annuities and Financial Advice 00:20:40 Bridging the Social Security Gap 00:23:40 Managing Sequence-of-Returns Risk 00:28:42 Retirement Planning for Couples and Working Longer 00:37:17 Protecting Against Financial Fraud 00:40:39 How Jean Chatzky Reimagined Retirement More from The Long View Brett Arends: Worried About Outliving Your Money? There’s an Answer Dana Anspach: Don’t Let Fear Ruin Your Retirement Stefan Sharkansky: The Retirement Rule That Leaves Too Much Money Behind If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guest on The Long View is David Booth. David is a repeat guest, the founder of Dimensional Fund Advisors, and has just released a new book titled Stay Calm: Learn to Embrace Uncertainty in Investing and Life. One of the interesting through lines on the episode really centered on data. David explained that without data, people are just arguing beliefs. There was so much time within the industry where investors really were in a data desert. That foundational layer was critical to everything that David, his colleagues at Dimensional, and so many others around the broader investing industry have ultimately brought to bear for the benefit of so many investors over the years. Plus, David explained that having access to a more complete dataset can really help provide a sense of calmness and reassurance for investors, even in an uncertain environment. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:03:21 How Market Data Revolutionized Investing 00:09:22 Learning From Eugene Fama 00:16:16 Communicating Financial Science 00:20:40 What is the Efficient-Market Hypothesis? 00:24:11 Diversification and the Limits of Indexing 00:32:37 Is Dimensional Active or Passive? 00:34:24 The Science Behind Factor Investing 00:40:29 Trusting Markets and Embracing Uncertainty More From Morningstar David Booth: ‘Usually the Great Ideas Start Out as Small Ideas and Then You Build on Them’ Don Phillips: Encouraging Better Outcomes for Investors Charley Ellis: Indexing Is a Marvelous Gift If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guests on the podcast today are Andy Clarke and Nelson Wicas, co-authors—along with Ganesh Suntharam—of the new book, The Architecture of Wealth: The Art and Science of Portfolio Construction. Andy has spent more than three decades as an investment researcher and writer. He has worked at Morningstar and Vanguard, where he served as assistant to Vanguard Founder and indexing pioneer, John C. Bogle. Andy has published research in practitioner journals such as the Journal of Index Investing. He is the author of Wealth of Experience and a CFA Charterholder. Nelson has developed and managed quantitative equity strategies for more than 30 years. Most recently, he worked at Redpoint Investment Management, where he was a founder and research analyst. After completing his PhD in economics at the University of Pennsylvania, Nelson joined Vanguard to help establish its quantitative equity management function. Nelson later helped found Vanguard’s investment counseling and research team to produce portfolio construction insights for clients and internal teams. Nelson has been a visiting professor of economics at Haverford College in Haverford, Pennsylvania. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 The Architecture of Wealth 00:06:42 Why Portfolio Construction is an Art and Science 00:10:03 Bogle’s Approach to Active Management 00:15:38 Why Index Investing Isn’t Passive 00:22:09 The Birth of Modern Portfolio Theory 00:26:58 Behavioral Finance, Investor Biases, and Impact of Education 00:36:13 Why Index Funds Finally Took Off 00:39:25 Evaluating Active Managers 00:43:27 The Small-Cap Effect More From The Long View Charley Ellis: Indexing Is a Marvelous Gift Jeff Ptak: The Simple Secret to Becoming a Better Investor Andy Reed: Inertia Is the Most Powerful Force in Behavioral Finance If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Jeff Ptak. He’s a longtime Morningstar employee and currently serves as managing director for Morningstar Research Services. He originally joined Morningstar back in 2002 as a senior mutual fund analyst. Jeff was one of the original two co-hosts of this podcast and regularly posts his thoughts on Morningstar.com, Substack, X, and LinkedIn. Ptak’s work really focuses on investor outcomes. One of the highlights from the podcast today was when Ptak talked about how such a small number of stocks tend to generate a disproportionate amount of the market returns and what that means for diversified actively managed funds. He also discusses what target-date funds get right for investors, as well as what some of them may be missing. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Mind the Gap and Investor Behavior 00:08:04 Crypto ETFs and Timing Mistakes 00:11:33 Active Funds and Letting Winners Run 00:23:00 Improving Investor Outcomes Through Lower Costs 00:30:09 Private Markets, SpaceX, and 401(k) Risks 00:34:15 Thematic ETFs, Speculation, and Fun Money 00:38:40 Market Timing Myths and Portfolio Construction 00:42:16 Is Tech’s Dominance Sustainable? More From Morningstar Read: Mind the Gap 2026 Leyla Kunimoto: Why Investors in Private Markets Need a Louder Voice Will Danoff: ‘Be Very Careful of Unprofitable Companies’ Don Phillips: Encouraging Better Outcomes for Investors If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today on the podcast we welcome back Nick Maggiulli. He’s the author of a new book called The Wealth Ladder: Proven Strategies for Every Step of Your Financial Life. His first book was called Just Keep Buying. In addition, Nick writes a wonderful blog called Of Dollars and Data, which is focused on the intersection between data and personal finance. In his day job, Nick is the Chief Operating Officer and Data Scientist at Ritholtz Wealth Management. He received his bachelor’s degree in economics from Stanford University. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Writing The Wealth Ladder 00:05:30 The Six Levels of the Wealth Ladder 00:09:52 How Wealth Changes Across Net-Worth Levels 00:16:16 Why People Rarely Fall Down the Wealth Ladder 00:21:00 Spending Rules and the 0.01% Rule 00:29:25 Career Choices, Income, and Opportunity Costs 00:37:42 Investment Risks and Ascending the Wealth Ladder 00:44:29 Money, Happiness, and Life Beyond Wealth More From Morningstar Jim O’Shaughnessy: Investing Lessons From a Lifelong Learner Dan Haylett: ‘The Retirement You Didn’t See Coming’ David Bach: ‘Start Enjoying Your Life Sooner’ If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Stefan Sharkansky. Stefan is a Ph.D. statistician who specializes in finance. He wrote a provocatively titled paper, “The Only Other Spending Rule Article You Will Ever Need,” which was published in the Financial Analyst Journal. Stefan has also developed a related website called, The Best Third, designed to help people with their retirement spending plans and portfolio structures. In addition, he developed and operates the website PersonalFund.com, which provides proprietary cost analysis of mutual funds to financial advisors. Stefan has a B.A. in mathematics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, an M.S. in computer science from Stanford University, and an M.S. and a Ph.D. in statistics from the University of Washington. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:02:43 Why the 4% Rule Can Lead to Underspending 00:07:23 TIPS Ladders vs. Retirement Annuities 00:08:48 Reducing Fixed Spending and Stock Allocation 00:12:09 Why Individual TIPS Beat TIPS Funds 00:18:53 A Formula for Stock Portfolio Withdrawals 00:23:54 Historical Returns vs. Monte Carlo Simulations 00:29:30 Should Retirees Diversify Globally? 00:32:23 Leaving a Bequest Without Underspending More From The Long View Brett Arends: Worried About Outliving Your Money? There’s an Answer Dana Anspach: Don’t Let Fear Ruin Your Retirement Bill Bengen: ‘Inflation Is the Greatest Enemy of Retirees’ If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Ryan Frederick, an author, speaker, and entrepreneur focused on the intersection of place and healthy longevity. As founder and CEO of HERE, he provides content courses and coaching in place planning, a holistic, research-based approach to help people find the right place for every stage of life. He’s also the author of Right Place, Right Time, a book that helps individuals think through housing decisions for the second half of life. In addition, Ryan provides strategy consulting to organizations looking to create better places, including Fortune 500 companies, institutional investors, health systems, and housing developers and operators. He’s also a member of the Advisory Council for the Stanford Center on Longevity. He previously served on the National Advisory Board of Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing and was a member of the Bipartisan Policy Center Task Force on Health and Housing. He’s a graduate of Princeton University and Stanford Business School. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Senior Living, Longevity, and 100-Year Life Planning 00:08:39 How Place Influences Health as You Age 00:10:37 The Four Pillars of Place Planning 00:16:19 Income’s Impact on Housing, Home Equity, and Limitations of Aging in Place 00:30:01 Place Planning Tools and Building Community 00:41:43 New Housing Models, Cohousing, and Age Diversity 00:49:13 Continuing Care Retirement Communities and Healthy Aging Dashboards More From Morningstar Your Retirement Countdown, With Christine Benz Harry Margolis: How to Confront Aging Challenges Head-On Joy Loverde: Planning Ahead for Care Needs as You Get Older If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Brett Arends. Brett has been a columnist for MarketWatch, The Wall Street Journal, and other Dow Jones publications since 2007. His regular column for MarketWatch is called ROI, and he has also written for SmartMoney, TheStreet.com, and the Boston Herald. In addition, Brett has written several books including Storm-Proof Your Money: Weather Any Economy, Rebuild Your Portfolio, Protect Your Future. Brett took a double first in history at Cambridge University and did postgraduate research at Oxford University. He’s also a chartered financial consultant. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Financial Journalism Origins and Early Stock-Picking Lessons 00:11:12 Comparing the AI Boom to Dot-Com Bubble 00:21:53 Diversification, Index Funds, and AI Bubble Risk 00:26:25 Why Private Securities Are a Bad Deal 00:33:09 Why TIPS Are Attractive Under Rising Inflation 00:38:10 Generating Retirement Income and Immediate Annuities 00:45:35 Social Security and Policy Risks More From Morningstar GQG: Why We Are Still in an AI Stock Market Bubble Jeremy Grantham: ‘Almost Everything Looks More Attractive Than the US Equity Market’ How to Use TIPS in Your Portfolio If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today on the podcast, we welcome back Dana Anspach. Dana’s the author of a new book about retirement called Living Off Your Acorns: Your Guide to the Four Phases of Retirement. This is her third book. Earlier books are Control Your Retirement Destiny and Social Security Sense. Dana is also founder and CEO of the financial planning firm Sensible Money, based in Scottsdale, Arizona, and she has been practicing as a financial planner since 1995. In addition, Dana’s the author of the lecture series, How to Plan for the Perfect Retirement, available on The Great Courses, and she has been blogging about her own retirement journey on The Retirement Manifesto website. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 The “Pre-Go” Phase, Unplanned Early Retirement, and Working Longer 00:10:19 “Retirement Red Zone” Risks, Two-Bucket Strategy, and Building a Bond Ladder 00:17:34 Balancing Guaranteed Income and Annuities 00:21:54 TIPS, Cash Flow Projections, and Getting Comfortable Spending 00:31:33 Strategies for Long-Term Care 00:36:19 Planning the Transition to Retirement 00:40:34 Estimating Longevity, Lost Decade Potential, and Inflation Risk 00:46:11 Minimizing Taxes and Mitigating Financial Fraud Risk More From Morningstar Dana Anspach and Fritz Gilbert: ‘This Is What a Joyful Retirement Could Feel Like’ Adam Grossman: Asset Allocation Is an Investor’s Best Defense Bill Bengen: ‘Inflation Is the Greatest Enemy of Retirees’ If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guests on the podcast today are Cody Garrett and Sean Mullaney. They’re both advice-only financial planners, and they’re the co-authors of a new book called Tax Planning To and Through Early Retirement. Cody is a certified financial planner and the founder of Measure Twice Money, where he helps DIY investors make informed decisions aligned with their values. He also leads Measure Twice Planners, which is an educational community for financial planners. Sean Mullaney is a certified public accountant and head of Mullaney Financial & Tax. He also writes the blog, TheFITaxGuy.com, which is focused on the intersection between financial independence and taxes. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:01:27 Defining Early Retirement, the 4% Rule, and Withdrawal Strategies 00:11:03 Fear-Based Tax Narratives and Retirement Calculators 00:15:10 Rethinking Future Tax Rate Assumptions 00:23:14 Retirement Savings Tax Trade-Offs 00:30:08 Taxable Accounts in Early Retirement 00:32:29 Backdoor Roth IRAs, Asset Allocation, and Sequence Risk 00:44:03 RMDs, Roth Conversions, and Retirement Planning Tools More From Morningstar Bill Bengen: ‘Inflation Is the Greatest Enemy of Retirees’ A Tax-Smart Plan for In-Retirement Withdrawals in 3 Steps Morningstar’s Tax-Planning and IRA Resources for 2026 If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today on the podcast, we’re delighted to welcome back Jeremy Grantham to discuss his book, The Making of a Permabear: The Perils of Long-term Investing in a Short-term World, which he co-authored with Edward Chancellor. Jeremy is the long-term investment strategist at his namesake firm, Grantham, Mayo, Van Otterloo & Company, or GMO, which he co-founded in 1977. He serves on GMO’s asset-allocation committee and board of directors. Prior to GMO, Jeremy was co-founder of Batterymarch Financial Management and, before that, was an economist at Royal Dutch Shell. He earned his undergraduate degree from the University of Sheffield and his MBA from Harvard University. Jeremy is a member of the Academy of Arts and Sciences, holds a CBE from the UK, and is a recipient of the Carnegie Medal of Philanthropy. In 1997, he and his family started the Grantham Foundation for the protection of the environment, which supports research and action to address climate change. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Writing Permabear With Edward Chancellor 00:06:44 Value Investing and Identifying Market Bubbles 00:15:07 Current Market Outlook and Valuation Risks 00:20:28 Value Discipline, SpaceX’s IPO, and Past Market Bubbles 00:27:26 Speculative Trading, Indexing, and Zero‑Sum Markets 00:34:24 Market Inefficiencies, Small-Cap Stocks, and the Greater Fool Theory 00:43:27 Artificial Intelligence Hype, Attractive Assets, and Market Pessimism 00:47:02 Climate Risks, Resource Constraints, and Shrinking Populations More From Morningstar 3 Warnings for Investors From the Ultimate Contrarian Ben Carlson: Exploring Risk and Reward What Today’s Index ETFs Get Right, and Wrong, for Investors If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

We’re taping this podcast live at the Morningstar Investment Conference, where we’re delighted to be joined by Fidelity’s Will Danoff. Will runs a number of Fidelity equity strategies, the best known of which is Fidelity Contrafund FCNTX, a mutual fund he’s been managing since September 1990. Morningstar named Will its Domestic-Stock Manager of the Year in 2007. Prior to becoming a portfolio manager, Will served as a retail analyst at Fidelity and assistant portfolio manager at Fidelity Magellan FMAGX. He graduated from Harvard University and earned his MBA at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania. Will, welcome back to The Long View. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:00:56 Investing Origins and Early Influences 00:00:53 Retail Analysis and Unit Economics 00:10:29 Reg FD Changes and Adapting Research Processes 00:15:00 Identifying Durable Competitive Advantages 00:19:24 SpaceX and Buying Private Companies 00:22:40 Investing Mistakes and Avoiding Unprofitable Companies More From Morningstar 2026 Morningstar Investment Conference: From SpaceX to Safeguarding Retirement Here’s Fidelity Contrafund’s Will Danoff’s Secret Sauce As Legendary Manager Will Danoff Leaves Fidelity, Should Investors Follow Him Out the Door? If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guests are Morningstar’s Brian Moriarty and Jack Shannon. Brian is a principal, fixed-income strategies, for Morningstar. Before assuming his current role in 2015, Brian was a client solutions consultant for Morningstar Office, a practice and portfolio management system for independent financial advisors. Before joining Morningstar in 2013, he was a research assistant for DePaul University’s religious studies department. Brian holds a bachelor’s degree in political science from Michigan State University and a bachelor’s degree in Islamic world studies from DePaul University. Jack Shannon is a principal, equity strategies, for Morningstar. He focuses on actively managed equity strategies and is the lead analyst for MFS and Artisan Partners, among other firms. Before joining Morningstar in 2020, Jack worked in commercial banking and was a consultant providing subject-matter expertise on complex financial litigation. Jack holds a bachelor’s degree in economics and history from James Madison University. He also holds a master’s of business administration in investments and corporate finance from the University of Notre Dame’s Mendoza College of Business. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:02:06 What are Private Markets, and What Investment Opportunities Do They Provide? 00:03:13 Do Semiliquid Funds Provide Easier Access to Private Markets? 00:05:57 Applying Morningstar Processes to Evaluate Private Markets 00:09:50 Managing Liquidity in Private Market Investments 00:18:48 Valuation and Transparency: Putting Private Assets Under the Microscope 00:24:07 Payment in Kind as a Valuation Concern 00:28:02 Public vs. Private Markets: Understanding Risk, Language, and Infrastructure Differences 00:39:28 Building Methodology to Explain Private Asset Fees and Incentive Structures 00:44:22 What Morningstar Medalist Ratings Signal for Semiliquid Funds More From Morningstar Morningstar’s Guide to Public/Private Investing Private Equity Funds Step Into the Spotlight Private Credit Pricing: Are Prosecutors Opening Up Pandora’s Box? If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Kathleen Rehl. Kathleen is an author, educator, speaker, and certified financial planner dedicated to empowering widows financially and guiding the professionals who support them. She operated her own planning firm for 18 years before shifting her focus to writing, teaching, and research. After her husband died, she transformed her personal grief into a mission, helping others navigate widowhood, legacy planning, and purposeful aging. She is the author of Moving Forward on Your Own: A Financial Guidebook for Widows. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:02:17 Learning Widowhood From the Inside 00:04:13 Decision-Making Without a Spouse 00:05:16 Early Irreversible Choices For Widows 00:08:39 Stress-Testing Life Without a Spouse 00:16:03 Why Widows Leave Advisors 00:18:53 Slowing Down Decisions to Prevent Emotional and Financial Harm 00:25:55 Continuing Care Retirement Communities 00:30:38 “Refirement” vs. Retirement and Building a Legacy More From Morningstar Harry Margolis: How to Confront Aging Challenges Head-On How to Tackle Estate Planning Basics in 7 Steps 3 Tricky Decisions for Every Retirement Plan If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Don Phillips. Don is a managing director for Morningstar. He joined the company in 1986 as its first mutual fund analyst and soon became editor of the flagship print publication Morningstar Mutual Funds, establishing the editorial voice for which the company is best known. He helped to develop the Morningstar Style Box, the Morningstar Rating, and other distinctive proprietary Morningstar innovations that have become industry standards. Don has served in a variety of leadership roles at Morningstar, most recently head of global research, before paring back his schedule to take on a part-time nonmanagement role. He holds a bachelor’s degree from the University of Texas and a master’s degree from the University of Chicago. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:01:57 Viewing Investing From 100,000 Feet Up 00:08:20 The Role of the Manager, From Salesmanship to Stewardship 00:11:18 What Indexing and AI Make Easier—and What They Risk 00:17:50 Private Credit and Private Equity Risks for Retail Investors 00:28:01 Finding the Unmet Needs in Asset Management 00:35:47 Fixed-Income Funds as the Industry’s Achilles’ Heel 00:43:42 The Value of a Liberal Arts Education and the Power of Storytelling More From Morningstar Morningstar’s Why Don Phillips: We’re All in the Behavior Modification Business Private Equity Funds Step Into the Spotlight If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Adam Grossman. Adam’s the founder of Mayport, a fixed-fee wealth management firm. He’s also a regular contributor to Humble Dollar, the website founded by late financial writer Jonathan Clements. Before founding Mayport, Adam worked as an investment advisor or analyst at several firms, including Middleton & Company, Ballentine Partners, and MFS Investment Management. He also founded About Face Software, a social networking software firm. Adam received his undergraduate degree from Williams College and his MBA from MIT Sloan School of Management, and he’s also a CFA charterholder. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:01:16 Writing for Humble Dollar and Jonathan Clements 00:05:15 How Flat‑Fee Advice Beats AUM Pricing 00:10:29 Helping Investors Stay Calm in Market Stress 00:17:30 Simple Stock/Bond Portfolios Still Work 00:22:58 How to Protect Your Portfolio Before Retirement 00:27:20 Social Security Timing: Math Versus Emotions 00:34:19 How AI Is Changing Financial Advice More From The Long View Bill Bengen: ‘Inflation Is the Greatest Enemy of Retirees’ Jim O’Shaughnessy: Investing Lessons From a Lifelong Learner Harry Margolis: How to Confront Aging Challenges Head-On If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Listen Now: Listen and subscribe to Morningstar’s The Long View from your mobile device: Apple Podcasts | Spotify Our guest on the podcast today is William Bengen. Bill has been a prolific researcher of retirement planning matters over his career, and he pioneered the exploration of safe withdrawal rates with his groundbreaking 1994 research that gave birth to what’s now called the 4% rule. His new book, A Richer Retirement: Supercharging the 4% Rule to Spend More and Enjoy More was published in August 2025. Bill is the former owner of Bengen Financial Services, an independent registered investment advisor that he launched in 1989 after his family sold the soda bottling business that he had helped manage. He received his Bachelor of Science degree in aeronautics and astronautics from MIT. Bill retired from his financial planning practice in 2013 but continues to conduct research on retirement planning and withdrawal rates. Episode Highlights Why the 4% Rule Needed a Rethink Inflation as the Biggest Retirement Risk Different Approaches to Finding Your Withdrawal Rate Factoring in Longevity, Taxes, and Legacy Managing Your Asset Allocations, and Outsourcing the Rebalancing Process The 4% Rule Is Not for Everyone More From Morningstar Bill Bengen: Revisiting Safe Withdrawal Rates How to Find Your Perfect Withdrawal Rate Strategy How Much Should You Allocate to Safer Assets? If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Listen Now: Listen and subscribe to Morningstar’s The Long View from your mobile device: Apple Podcasts | Spotify Today on the podcast, we welcome back Ben Carlson, who’s the author of a new book called Risk and Reward. Ben is the director of institutional asset management for Ritholtz Wealth Management. In addition, Ben’s a prolific creator of content. His blog is called A Wealth of Common Sense. He also co-hosts the podcast Animal Spirits with Michael Batnick. Ben is the author of four books about investing and money, and he’s a CFA charterholder. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Understanding Market History Is About Preparation, Not Prediction 00:02:00 Lessons From Japan’s Asset Bubble and Mean Reversion 00:06:54 The Different Ways Investors Respond to Crashes 00:08:36 The Automatic Investing Revolution Has Changed Behavior 00:15:22 Why Patience Is Harder to Come By in an On‑Demand World 00:19:32 The Importance of Education in Private Asset Investing 00:21:35 Inflation Psychology and How to Respond 00:28:15 Two Different Kinds of Bear Markets 00:35:40 Using Alpha to Deliver Better Aftertax Outcomes for Clients More From Ben Carlson Everything You Need To Know About Saving For Retirement Don’t Fall For It: A Short History of Financial Scams Invest Your Way to Financial Freedom Risk and Reward More From Morningstar Ben Carlson: How Not to Get Scammed What We’ve Learned From 150 Years of Stock Market Crashes The 60/40 Portfolio: A 150-Year Markets Stress Test If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guest on The Long View is Amit Wadhwaney, portfolio manager and co-founder at Moerus Capital Management. Amit has over 30 years of experience researching and analyzing investment opportunities in developed, emerging, and frontier markets worldwide. Prior to co-founding Moerus, Amit was a portfolio manager and partner at Third Avenue Management, where he worked alongside his Moerus co-founding partners. Amit founded the international business at Third Avenue and was the founding manager of the Third Avenue Global Value Fund, the Third Avenue Emerging Markets Fund, and the Third Avenue International Value Fund. Earlier in his career, Amit worked at MJ Whitman LLC, a New York-based broker/dealer. Prior to joining M.J. Whitman, Amit was a paper and forest products analyst at Bunting Warburg, a Canadian brokerage firm. He began his career at Domtar, a Canadian forest products company. Amit holds an MBA in finance from the University of Chicago. He also holds a BA with honors and an MA in economics from Concordia. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Introduction 00:02:05 Investing Versus the Business of Investing 00:09:48 Why Macroeconomic Forecasting Often Fails Investors 00:10:36 Survivability as the Core of Risk Management 00:16:58 Why “Trouble” Creates Opportunity for Value Investors 00:32:04 Exploring Value-Accretive Corporate Activity 00:47:23 Is Today’s Market Setting Up a Value Comeback? More From Morningstar How the Iran War Is Shaping Markets 3 Well-Regarded Large-Value Funds for Investors Seeking Balanced Portfolios The Value Stock Comeback Is Messy. Here’s Why Investors Shouldn’t Turn Away If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Claudia Sahm. Claudia is chief economist at New Century Advisors, the founder of Sahm Consulting, and a regular contributor at Bloomberg Opinion. She has policy and research expertise in macroeconomics, consumer spending, and household finance. She created the Sahm rule, an automatic trigger for stimulus payments in recessions. Previously, she was a section chief at the Federal Reserve, where she oversaw the Survey of Household Economics and Decisionmaking. Before that, she worked for 10 years on the staff’s macroeconomic forecast. She was a senior economist at the Council of Economic Advisers. She holds a Ph.D. in economics from the University of Michigan and a bachelor’s degree in economics, political science, and German from Denison University. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Lessons From the Fed During the Global Financial Crisis 00:04:56 Making Sense of Fed-Speak 00:09:29 The “Whiplash Economy” and Understanding Risk 00:14:21 Rising Gas Prices, Geopolitical Uncertainty, and Consumer Sentiment 00:18:03 Interest Rates, AI, and Fed Leadership Changes 00:29:48 Undoing the Effects of Trump’s Tariffs 00:33:34 The Sahm Rule and Recession Risk Today 00:43:56 Costs of Underfunding US Economic Data 00:49:57 “Economics Is a Disgrace” More From Morningstar Risk, Not Volatility, Is the Real Enemy for Investors Michael Gates: Why More Advisors Are Migrating to Model Portfolios Q2 Market Outlook: Why a Stock Barbell Strategy Is Ideal for Today’s Market If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guest on The Long View is Michael Gates. Gates is the head of model portfolio solutions for the Americas and the lead portfolio manager for target-allocation models at BlackRock. BlackRock’s target-allocation models have been adopted by a large and growing contingent of advisors in the US. Four of the model families within BlackRock’s target-allocation suite have been awarded Morningstar Medalist Ratings of Gold. In 2025, Morningstar’s manager research team nominated Gates for a Morningstar Award for Investing Excellence in the Outstanding Allocation Portfolio Manager category. Gates’ time at BlackRock dates to 1999, including his years with Barclays Global Investors, which merged with BlackRock in 2009. Before founding the model portfolio solutions group, Gates conducted quantitative trading research for equities in BlackRock’s global trading group. At Barclays Global Investors, Gates led the development and implementation of the firm’s quantitative approach in fixed-income and alternative asset investing. Gates earned a master’s degree in economics and a bachelor’s degree with honors from the University of California, Davis. He is a CFA charterholder. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 What Are Model Portfolios and How Do They Work? 00:08:19 How Tax-Loss Harvesting and Other Offerings Reshape Model Design 00:15:50 AI‑Driven Productivity and the Market Outlook 00:17:57 Rebalancing With Risk in Mind 00:24:56 Building AI Exposure Into Equity Models 00:35:39 Thematic Investing and Active vs. Passive Investing 00:42:07 How Technology May Shape Portfolios’ Future More From Morningstar Alpha Isn’t Dead. You’ve Just Been Measuring It Wrong Tax-Efficient Model Portfolios for Retirees and Retirement Savers Can AI Chatbots Build a Retirement Portfolio? We Tested Them If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Harry Margolis. Harry has been representing seniors, individuals with special needs, and their families since he started ElderLaw Services, the predecessor of Margolis Bloom & D’Agostino in June 1987. His firm helps clients pay for long-term care, manage the incapacity of a family member, and plan for safe and productive futures for their children and grandchildren. Harry served as editor of the ElderLaw Report, a monthly newsletter for attorneys, for three decades. He has been selected as a fellow of both the National Academy of Elder Law Attorneys and the American College of Trust and Estate Council. He has founded two websites and answers consumer questions online at www.askharry.info. In addition, Harry writes about eldercare issues on his Substack, Risking Old Age in America, also known as okayboomer.substack.com, and has a podcast with the same name. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Margolis’ Path to Elder Law 00:04:15 Aging Clients, Estate Planning, and Long-Term Care 00:08:29 Aging In Place and Medicare Misconceptions 00:15:45 Estate Planning Paperwork and DIY Planners 00:21:26 Power of Attorney Mistakes, Living Wills, and Healthcare Coordination 00:27:06 Caregiving, Money Conversations, and Common Financial Mistakes 00:31:51 Benefits of NORCs 00:34:07 Special Needs Planning: Housing, Trusts, and Expectations More From The Long View Sally Balch Hurme: Getting Your Affairs in Order as You Get Older Joy Loverde: Planning Ahead for Care Needs as You Get Older Beth Pinsker: Lessons From ‘My Mother’s Money’ If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is retirement researcher Wade Pfau. Wade is the founder of Retirement Researcher, an educational resource on retirement planning for individuals and financial advisors. He’s co-founder of the Retirement Income Style Awareness Tool and a co-host of the Retire With Style podcast. He’s a professor of practice at the American College of Financial Services and a research fellow with the Limra Retirement Income Institute. And he’s also a principal and director of retirement research for McLean Asset Management. Wade has written several books, including his most recent, a third edition of his Retirement Planning Guidebook. He holds a doctorate in economics and a master’s degree from Princeton University and Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Science degrees from the University of Iowa. He’s also a chartered financial analyst. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Updates to the Retirement Planning Guidebook 00:00:29 Do Retirees Today Have a Stronger Starting Spending Rate? 00:04:03 Asset Allocation, Annuities, and Target-Date Funds 00:08:11 Retirement Income Styles 00:15:07 Non-US Safe Withdrawal Rates and Flexible Spending Strategies 00:23:55 Probability of Success and Estimating Longevity 00:27:47 Underspending, Organic Income, and Mortgage Payoff 00:35:46 Exploring the Retirement Risk Zone 00:39:20 Equity Glide Paths, Sequence Risk, and Delaying Social Security 00:46:43 Annuities: Private Equity Concerns and Due Diligence More Retirement Research From Wade Pfau Exploring the Retirement Risk Zone Reducing Retirement Risk with a Rising Equity Glide Path More From Morningstar What’s Your Retirement Income Style? 8 Reasons You Might Need to Tweak Your Portfolio Wade Pfau: The Risks of Retirement Today If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guest on The Long View is Pat Dorsey. Pat is the founder of Dorsey Asset Management, a boutique asset manager serving institutional clients. From 2000 to 2011, Pat was the director of equity research for Morningstar, where he led the growth of Morningstar’s equity research group from 20 to 90 analysts. Pat was instrumental in the development of Morningstar’s economic moat ratings, as well as the methodology behind Morningstar’s framework for analyzing competitive advantage. Pat is also the author of two books, The Five Rules for Successful Stock Investing, and The Little Book That Builds Wealth. Pat holds a master’s degree in political science from Northwestern University and a bachelor’s degree in government from Wesleyan University. Pat is a CFA charterholder. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Defining Economic Moats and Moat Source Mistakes 00:05:34 Shifting Landscape for Returns on Invested Capital as a Metric 00:07:52 Inevitable vs. Noninevitable Moats 00:09:36 Moat Durability, Network Effects, and Lessons From PayPal 00:13:46 Management Quality, Founders, and Pricing Discipline 00:24:02 High-Quality Companies, “Too Hard” Bucket, and AI Uncertainty 00:29:29 Premortem, Behavioral Edge, and Opportunity Cost More From Morningstar AI Isn’t an Economic Moat Killer, but It Will Disrupt Industries Lawrence Lam: ‘The Types of Companies That Attract Me Are Founder-Led and Profitable’ How to Measure a Company’s Competitive Advantage If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Bill Yount. Bill is a practicing emergency physician. He’s also co-host of a podcast called Catching Up to Fi, where he and Jackie Cummings Koski discuss pursuing financial independence later in life. Bill received his bachelor’s degree from Duke University, his doctor of medicine degree from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, and completed his residency in emergency medicine at Northwestern University. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 From a Scarcity Mindset to the Hedonic Treadmill 00:10:04 The Wake-Up Call: Burnout, Lawsuits, and Turning 50 00:11:05 Finding FIRE Late: Catching Up to Financial Independence 00:13:44 Budgeting, Downsizing, and Boosting Savings Rates 00:20:56 Landmarks on the Way to Financial Independence 00:25:50 Life Planning, Risk Parity, and Calibrating Safe Withdrawals 00:34:51 Achieving FI and Knowing When It’s Time to Retire 00:43:44 Building Generational Wealth, Giving Early, and Advice to Late Starters More From Morningstar My Baptism by FIRE: Lessons on Financial Independence The Best Retirement Strategies for Leaving Money Behind Cliff Asness: ‘The Problem Was Never Beta. The Problem Was Paying Alpha Fees for Beta’ If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Emily Guy Birken. Emily’s the author of The Five Years Before You Retire. She also co-authored Stacked: Your Super-Serious Guide to Modern Money Management, with Joe Saul-Sehy. Other books include End Financial Stress Now, Making Social Security Work for You and Choose Your Retirement: Find The Right Path to Your New Adventure. Emily received her master’s degree in education from the Ohio State University and her undergraduate degree in English from Kenyon College. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Emily Guy Birken’s Path to Money and Retirement Writing 00:04:26 Why the Five Years Before Retirement Are Crucial and How Much Is “Enough” Savings 00:10:31 How Expectations Can Shape Happiness in Retirement 00:13:14 Key Moves for Preretirees to Cover Retirement Savings Shortfalls 00:15:58 Social Security: Benefits of Delaying and Advice for Young Workers 00:27:06 Budgets in Retirement and Irregular Expenses on a Fixed Income 00:33:14 Why Long‑Term‑Care Insurance Rarely Pays Off Today 00:36:10 Pre-Medicare Health Insurance Options 00:40:17 Early Mortgage Payoff vs. Investing in Retirement 00:42:26 How Writing About Retirement Changed Guy Birken’s Own Planning More From Morningstar 5 Things to Do Today If You Want to Retire in 5 Years Dan Haylett: ‘The Retirement You Didn’t See Coming’ The Best Strategies for Consistent Retirement Spending If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guests on the podcast today are Jamie Hopkins and Bonnie Treichel, who are co-authors of a new book, Your Retirement Sketchbook. Jamie is the CEO of Bryn Mawr Trust Advisors, Chief Wealth Officer of WSFS Bank, and founder of the FinServ Foundation. He’s a professor of practice at Creighton University and the American College of Financial Services. He’s also a contributor to Forbes and has been elected to the Fellows of the American Bar Foundation. Bonnie is the founder and Chief Solutions Officer of Endeavor Retirement, a consulting firm dedicated to solving problems for plan sponsors, advisors, and service providers in the retirement plan industry. She also serves as treasurer for the FinServ Foundation. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 The FinServ Foundation and Your Retirement Sketchbook 00:10:06 Understanding “Rewirement,” Mindset Shifts, and Behavioral Biases in Retirement 00:18:15 Why In‑Plan Annuities Are Emerging Inside 401(k) Plans 00:20:57 Retirement Bucket, Private Assets, and Reducing Sequence‑of‑Returns Risk 00:31:21 Risks to Social Security Benefits 00:33:17 Advisor-Client Dynamics in Retirement Planning 00:38:03 Retirement Planning Books and Podcasts Retirement Resources Mentioned Your Retirement Sketchbook Retirement Planning Guidebook Safety-First Retirement Planning Ikigai: The Japanese Secret to a Long and Happy Life Retiring Minds Podcast More From Morningstar Retirement Withdrawal Sequencing Rules of the Road Here’s How You Can Spend More During Retirement Jamie Hopkins: A Framework for Financial Freedom If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is David Bach. David is the author of 12 national bestselling books, including The Latte Factor; Smart Women Finish Rich; Start Late, Finish Rich; and The Automatic Millionaire. He just released the 20th anniversary edition of The Automatic Millionaire. David was a longtime contributor to NBC’s Today show and a featured guest on the Oprah Winfrey Show. He also produced and hosted two public television specials, Smart Women Finish Rich and The Automatic Millionaire. David started his career at Morgan Stanley where he was a senior vice president and partner of The Bach Group. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Moving Abroad, Early Retirement, and the Shifting Media Landscape 00:11:46 The Importance of Sabbaticals and Health Expectancy 00:19:39 Saving to Spending, New Tax on IRA Withdrawals, and Long-Term Effect of Deficits 00:34:39 Key Updates to The Automatic Millionaire and Automatic Contributions 00:37:59 Why Everyone Needs Access to Being an Investor 00:42:02 How to Start Investing Young and How to Catch Up Later in Life 00:47:26 How Inflation Affects Retirement Goals and The Benefits of Homeownership More From Morningstar 6 Lessons From My 6-Week Mini-Retirement The Best Strategies for Consistent Retirement Spending 7 Steps to Estimating Your In-Retirement Cash Flow Needs If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guest on The Long View is Hilary Wiek. Hilary is a principal analyst at PitchBook, where she leads PitchBook’s coverage of fund strategies and performance, publishing primary research on the alternative space. Hilary also leads PitchBook’s coverage of the ESG and impact investing space. Hilary has over 20 years of experience in asset owner, manager, and advisory roles. Prior to joining PitchBook, she was the director of investments at the Saint Paul & Minnesota Foundations, where she handled portfolio management, impact and ESG investment, investment due diligence and monitoring, and investment operations. Before that, she worked in senior positions at Segal Rogerscasey, the South Carolina Retirement Systems Investment Commission, Buckingham Financial Group, Dayton Power & Light, and KeyCorp. Wiek received a master’s degree in finance and economics from Case Western Reserve University and a bachelor’s degree in business leadership and finance from the University of Puget Sound. She is based in PitchBook’s Seattle office. PitchBook is a Morningstar company. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Background in the Private Markets and Joining PitchBook 00:04:49 Drivers of Private Market Slowdown in 2026 and Pockets of Outperformance 00:14:15 Key Lessons for Investing in Private Market Funds 00:18:12 Private Market Fees, Hidden Volatility, and Valuations 00:20:38 Evergreen Investment Growth, Interval Funds, and Questions Investors Should Ask 00:32:26 Is It Worth It to Invest in Private Markets? 00:36:50 ESG, Impacting Investing, and Key Themes for 2026 00:41:05 Private Market Exposure in 401(k)s PitchBook Reports Discussed Benchmarking and Returns: Why Are There So Many Numbers? Evergreen Funds: We Have Questions The Evergreen Evolution The New Face of Private Markets in Your 401(k) US Evergreen Fund Landscape 2025 Impact Investing Update If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Jim O’Shaughnessy. Jim founded O’Shaughnessy Asset Management, a quantitative investment management firm in 1993. Franklin Templeton acquired the firm in 2021. Jim is also an author of several books, including Invest Like the Best and What Works on Wall Street. His latest book, Two Thoughts: A Timeless Collection of Infinite Wisdom, is a compilation of quotations from famous artists, writers and thinkers. Jim also hosts his own podcast called Infinite Loops. In addition, Jim is the founder and CEO of O’Shaughnessy Ventures, which provides financial backing and other support to individuals and projects. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Building a New Way to Analyze the Stock Market 00:07:18 How Stock Brokers Sold Stories Before Quants 00:12:19 Stock Price vs. Narrative and How Quants Avoid Stock Investing Pitfalls 00:20:05 Long-Term Investing, Bonds, and Keeping Emotions Out of Your Portfolio 00:29:50 Pre-Seed Investments, Finding the Right Founders, and Valuations Today 00:40:08 The Making of Two Thoughts: A Timeless Collection of Infinite Wisdom 00:47:29 Voices on the Infinite Loops Podcast 00:53:12 “Statis is Death” and Lifelong Learning More From The Long View Nick Maggiulli: Climbing the Wealth Ladder Lawrence Lam: ‘The Types of Companies That Attract Me Are Founder-Led and Profitable’ More From Morningstar How to Determine What a Stock Is Worth How to Build a Portfolio to Reach Your Financial Goals 5 Ways Emotions Sabotage Your Investment Success FOMO Can Lead to Lower Returns. Don’t Fall For It If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today’s guest on The Long View is Sara Devereux. Sara is the Chief Investment Officer of Vanguard Capital Management and Global Head of Fixed Income. She oversees the investment professionals responsible for portfolio management, trading, and research for Vanguard’s internally managed fixed-income funds and ETFs, including actively managed bond and money market portfolios and bond index portfolios. Before joining Vanguard in 2019, Sara was a partner at Goldman Sachs, where she spent over 20 years in mortgage-backed securities and structured products trading and sales. Earlier in her career, she worked at HSBC, in risk management advisory and interest rate derivative structuring. She started her career as an actuary at AXA Equitable Life Insurance. Barron has named Sara to its annual list of the 100 Most Influential Women in US Finance every year since 2022. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Vanguard’s Investing Philosophy and New Innovations 00:06:20 Active Fixed-Income Strategy and the Alpha Waterfall 00:13:34 ETF’s Explosion, Active Management, and Private Credit Risk 00:23:10 How Technology Is Reshaping the Bond Market 00:29:51 Bond Market Performance 2025, Bonds as Ballasts, and Term Premiums 00:37:27 Bond Market Risks in 2026 00:42:51 Shifting Policy Crosswinds, Cracks in Credit, and AI Capex Risks 00:50:18 Technical Signals to Watch in 2026 Books Mentioned Stay the Course: The Story of Vanguard and the Index Revolution More From Morningstar Vanguard’s Sara Devereux: Why It’s a ‘Terrific Environment’ for Bond Income Salim Ramji: The Industry Uses Complexity As a Mask to Charge More Morningstar’s Guide to Fixed-Income Investing If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Sally Balch Hurme. Sally is the author of Checklist for My Family: A Guide to My History, Financial Plans and Final Wishes, as well as several other books. She worked at AARP for 23 years and has written more than 20 law review articles on topics related to elder law. She has also served on the boards of the National Guardianship Association and the Center for Guardianship Certification, where she helped develop standards for guardians and reform guardianship policies and procedures. Before moving to AARP, she was a partner in a private law firm and held several other legal roles. She also served as an adjunct professor at the George Washington University Law School, teaching elder law for eight years. She received her BA from Tulane University and her JD cum laude from the Washington College of Law at American University. Episode Highlights 00:00:00 Working at the American Bar Association, AARP, and as a Caregiver 00:06:15 How to Get Started in Eldercare Planning 00:08:15 Final Wishes, Finding Your Roots, and Key Documents 00:26:31 Designated Beneficiaries and Medication Tracking 00:33:38 Home Deeds and The Power in Power of Attorney 00:39:48 Cleaning Up Digital Assets Sally Hurme Books Checklist for My Family: A Guide to My History, Financial Plans and Final Wishes The ABA/AARP Checklist for Family Caregivers: A Guide to Making It Manageable More From Morningstar Beth Pinsker: Lessons From ‘My Mother’s Money’ Inherited IRAs: What to Know About Taxes, RMDs, and More How to Tackle Estate-Planning Basics in 7 Steps If you have a comment or a guest idea, please email us at TheLongView@Morningstar.com. Follow Christine Benz (@christine_benz) and Ben Johnson (@MstarBenJohnson) on X, and Christine Benz, Amy Arnott, and Ben Johnson on LinkedIn. Visit Morningstar.com for new research and insights from Christine, Ben, and Amy. Subscribe to Christine’s weekly newsletter, Improving Your Finances. If you want more Morningstar podcasts, check out The Morning Filter and Investing Insights. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Leyla Kunimoto. Leyla is the founder and editor of Accredited Investor Insights, a newsletter that helps investors navigate private markets. She writes about private equity, private credit, and real estate, focusing on the practical realities of evaluating alternative investments from the limited partner perspective. Leyla began investing in public markets in 2001 and expanded into private markets in 2020, with current holdings spanning public equities, real estate, and alternatives. She started her career in finance and management consulting after graduating from the University of Washington. She also worked in advisory services at a Big Four accounting firm. Background Leyla Kunimoto Accredited Investor Insights Private Equity, Private Credit, and Private Real Estate “Inside the Black Box: What First Brands Teaches Us About CLO Risk,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Oct. 2, 2025 “Jamie Dimon Says Private Credit Is Dangerous—and He Wants JPMorgan to Get In on It," by Alexander Saeedy, WSJ.com, July 13, 2025 “PIK Is Whispering. Are You Listening?” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, June 12, 2025. “Private Credit Interval Fund,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Aug. 24, 2025. “Non-Traded BDC Meets Mr. Market,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Nov. 20, 2025 “The Problem With PME,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Oct. 9, 2025. “Private Equity 101: What Every LP Should Know,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, July 31, 2025. “Private Markets in 2026: What Changes, What Sticks,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Dec. 28, 2025. “It’s NAV … Until You Want Liquidity,” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Jan. 8, 2026. “Why Vanguard, Champion of Low-Fee Investing, Joined the ‘Private Markets’ Craze,” by Matt Wirz and Anne Tergesen, WSJ.com, July 2, 2025 “The Golden Doodle of Private Markets: Evergreen Secondaries” by Leyla Kunimoto, AccreditedInsight.com, Oct. 30, 2025. Books Mentioned Rich Dad Poor Dad: What The Rich Teach Their Kids About Money That the Poor and Middle Class Do Not!, by Robert Kiyosaki The Intelligent Investor: The Definitive Book on Value Investing, by Benjamin Graham Mastering The Market Cycle: Getting the Odds on Your Side, by Howard Marks Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guests on the podcast today are Cody Garrett and Sean Mullaney. They’re both advice-only financial planners, and they’re the co-authors of a new book called Tax Planning To and Through Early Retirement. Cody is a certified financial planner and the founder of Measure Twice Money, where he helped DIY investors make informed decisions aligned with their values. He also leads Measure Twice Planners, which is an educational community for financial planners. Sean Mullaney is a certified public accountant and head of Mullaney Financial & Tax. He also writes the blog, FITaxGuy.com, which is focused on the intersection between financial independence and taxes. Background Sean Mullaney Cody Garrett Measure Twice Money Measure Twice Financial Measure Twice Planners Mullaney Financial & Tax FITaxGuy.com Tax Planning and Early Retirement Tax Planning To and Through Early Retirement, by Cody Garrett and Sean Mullaney “The Backdoor Roth IRA After an Excess Contribution to a Roth IRA,” Sean Mullaney, FITaxGuy.com, Dec 16, 2025 “Why I Don’t Worry Much About Sequence of Returns Risk,” Sean Mullaney, FITaxGuy.com, Jun 10, 2025 “The Tax Planning World Has Changed,” by Sean Mullaney, FITaxGuy.com, Sep. 22, 2025 “Bogleheads on Investing® with Cody Garrett, CFP®, and Sean Mullaney, CPA on tax planning to and through retirement: Episode 89″ by Bogleheads on Investing® podcast, BogleCenter.net, Dec. 7, 2025 “Managing Taxes in Retirement with Sean Mullaney,” by the White Coat Investor Podcast, WhiteCoatInvestor.com, Nov 20, 2025. Die With Zero: Getting All You Can from Your Money and Your Life―A Revolutionary Approach to Maximizing Life Experiences Over Accumulating Wealth, by Bill Perkins “Reframing Risk In Retirement As “Over- And Under-Spending” To Better Communicate Decisions To Clients, And Finding “Best Guess” Spending Level,” by Michael Kitces, Kitces.com, Apr. 24 2024. More on Early Retirement and FIRE “My Baptism by FIRE: Lessons on Financial Independence,” by Christine Benz, Morningstar.com, May 29, 2025. “Aiming to ‘Die with Zero’? Here Are the Implications for Portfolio Construction and Retirement Spending,” by Jess Bebel, Morningstar.com, Apri. 6, 2025 "Derek Tharp: An Alternative Approach to Calculating In-Retirement Withdrawals," The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Feb. 21, 2023 Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Background Bio Articles and Papers Discussed “The Theory Behind the Age-Related Positivity Effect,” Andrew Reed and Laura Carstensen, NIH.gov, Sept. 27, 2012. “Investing Without Blind Spots,” Better Vantage podcast, Nov. 12, 2025. “Out of Sight, Out of Market: The IRA Cash Drag,” by Andy Reed et al., Vanguard.com, Sept. 5, 2024. “Advisors and Investors Split on Inflation, Bond Views,” by Xiao Xu and Andy Reed, Vanguard.com, Sept. 12, 2025. “Stress, Debt, and the Power of Planning,” by Anna Madamba and Andy Reed, Vanguard.com, April 9, 2025 “Improving Retirement Outcomes by Default: The Case for an IRA QDIA,” by Andy Reed, et al., Vanguard.com, July 2024. "Maximizing versus Satisficing: Happiness Is a Matter of Choice," by Barry Schwartz, Andrew Ward, et al., NIH.gov, November 2002. “The Ostrich Effect: Selective Attention to Information,” George Loewenstein and Duane Seppi, CMU.edu, Feb. 11, 2009. “Inside the Minds of Equity Income Fund Investors,” Sharon Hill and Paulo Costa, Vanguard.com, Aug. 26, 2025. “Trading Is Hazardous to Your Wealth: The Common Stock Investment Performance of Individual Investors,” Brad Barber and Terrance Odean, Berkeley.edu, April 2000. Books Discussed The Paradox of Choice: Why More Is Less, by Barry Schwartz Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein The Elements of Choice: Why the Way We Decide Matters, by Eric Johnson Other “Was Bogle’s Princeton Thesis Eerily Prescient?” by Jess Bebel, Morningstar.com, May 27, 2022. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today on the podcast we welcome back Cullen Roche. He has a new book out called Your Perfect Portfolio: The Ultimate Guide to Using the World’s Most Powerful Investment Strategies. Cullen is also the founder and chief investment officer of Discipline Funds, and he heads up Orcam Group, a registered investment advisory firm he established in 2012. Cullen started his career as an advisor at Merrill Lynch and worked at an event-driven hedge fund before starting his RIA firm. He received his bachelor’s degree in finance from Georgetown University’s McDonough School of Business. Cullen, welcome back to The Long View. Background Bio Discipline Funds Your Perfect Portfolio: The Ultimate Guide to Using the World’s Most Powerful Investment Strategies Pragmatic Capitalism: What Every Investor Needs to Know About Money and Finance Artificial Intelligence, Bubbles, Bonds, and Rate Cuts “Three Things—Weekend Reading,” by Cullen Roche, disciplinefunds.com, Oct. 11, 2025. “Three Things—Bubbles, Paradoxes & QE,” by Cullen Roche, disciplinefunds.com, Dec. 12, 2025. “Three Things—Gold, Cuts and Divorces,” by Cullen Roche, disciplinefunds.com, Sept. 19, 2025. “Three Things—Where Did the Integrity Go?” by Cullen Roche, disciplinefunds.com, Aug. 21, 2025. “Bonds: It’s Still Time to Chill (For a Little Longer Though),” by Cullen Roche, disciplinefunds.com, May 22, 2025. Other Discipline Funds’ Tariff Tracker “Cullen Roche: What Tariffs Mean for Your Portfolio,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, April 22, 2025. Bill Bernstein Taylor Larimore “The Case for a ‘Good Enough’ Portfolio,” by Christine Benz, Morningstar.com, Oct. 27, 2025. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Hi and welcome to The Long View. I’m Christine Benz, director of personal finance and retirement planning for Morningstar. On this week’s episode, we will feature some of our favorite clips from interviews we have done with financial planners, advisors, and retirement researchers over the past year. It’s a counterpart to a previously released “Best Of” episode that was all about investing. As usual, we delved into the topic of psychology and money, and the importance of tuning out the noise if you’re a long-term investor. “JL Collins: The (Still) Simple Path to Wealth,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, July 1, 2025. “Charley Ellis: Indexing Is a Marvelous Gift,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Aug. 5, 2025. “Larry Jacobson: ‘The Good Things in Our Life Are What Get in the Way of Great Things,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Sept. 16, 2025. “Dan Haylett: ‘The Retirement You Didn’t See Coming,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Nov. 18, 2025. “Kerry Hannon: What Gen Xers Need to Know About Their Retirement Plans,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Sept. 30, 2025. “Carl Richards: The Case for ‘Deeply Human’ Financial Advice,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Oct. 21, 2025. “Dana Anspach and Fritz Gilbert: ‘This Is What a Joyful Retirement Could Feel Like,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Sept. 23, 2025. “Barry Ritholtz: ‘How Not to Invest,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Oct. 7, 2025. “Nick Maggiulli: Climbing the Wealth Ladder,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, July 22, 2025. “Doug and Heather Boneparth: How Couples Can Find Financial Harmony,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Oct. 28, 2025. “Ramit Sethi: ‘We Have to Make Money Fun and Connective,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, March 4, 2025. “Beth Pinsker: Lessons From ‘My Mother’s Money,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Nov. 4, 2025. “Jean Chatzky: What Women Need to Do Differently With Their Money,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, April 8, 2025. “Sahil Bloom: ‘Curiosity Is the Fountain of Youth,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Feb. 4, 2025. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Hi, and welcome to The Long View. I’m Dan Lefkovitz, strategist for Morningstar Indexes. In this episode, we’ll share some of our favorite clips from 2025 interviews with portfolio managers, economists, and investment researchers. It’s a companion to Christine Benz’s “Best Of” episode featuring highlights from conversations with financial planners, advisors, and retirement researchers. We’ll begin with some prescient words from Hendrik du Toit, co-founder of global investment manager, Ninety One, who spoke to Christine Benz and me at the start of the year from Cape Town, South Africa. Hendrik talked about the appeal of emerging-markets investments, both debt and equity, asset classes that went on to have good years in 2025. “Hendrik du Toit: ‘Small Things Can Make a Big Difference,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Jan. 21, 2025. “Cliff Asness: ‘The Problem Was Never Beta. The Problem Was Paying Alpha Fees for Beta,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, July 29, 2025. “Vincent Montemaggiore: ‘The Two Best Defenses Against Tariffs Are a High-Gross Profit Margin and Pricing Power,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, April 15, 2025. “Louis-Vincent Gave: ‘The Future Is Being Built Over There,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Feb. 25, 2025. “Jason Zweig: Revisiting ‘The Intelligent Investor,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, May 27, 2025. “Mike Pyle: Looking for Uncorrelated Sources of Return,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Oct. 14, 2025. “Neal Shearing: The World Isn’t Deglobalizing; It’s Fracturing,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Aug. 26, 2025. “Sudarshan Murthy: ‘These Countries Are in Much Better Shape Than They Were 10 Years Back,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, March 25, 2025. “Joe Davis: How to Capitalize on ‘Megatrends,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Sept. 2, 2025. “Callie Cox: A Student Teacher of Financial Markets,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Nov. 11, 2025. “Brian Selmo: ‘Winning by Not Losing,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, July 15, 2025. “Daniel Rasmussen: ‘Be Very Wary of Illiquid Asset Classes,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, May 6, 2025. “Eric Jacobson: The Entire Face of the Bond Market Has Changed,” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Nov. 25, 2025. “Barry Ritholtz: ‘How Not to Invest,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Oct. 7, 2025. “John Rekenthaler: ‘The House Is With You When You’re Investing,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Jan. 28, 2025. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Lyle Fitterer, a senior portfolio manager and co-lead on the municipal bond sector for Baird Advisors. He has 36 years of experience managing bond portfolios. Prior to joining Baird in 2019, he served as the co-head of global fixed income and the head of the municipal fixed income team as Wells Fargo Asset Management. Lyle obtained his undergraduate degree in accounting from the University of North Dakota. He earned the chartered financial analyst designation in 1996 and is currently a member of the CFA Institute and the CFA Society of Milwaukee. Background Bio Baird Short-Term Municipal Bond Fund BTMIX Baird Strategic Municipal Bond Fund BSNIX Baird Quality Intermediate Municipal Bond Fund BMBIX Baird Core Intermediate Municipal Bond Fund BMNIX Baird Municipal Bond Fund BMQIX Muni-Bond Funds “The New Allure of Muni Bond Funds. Two Pros Point the Way,” by Debbie Carlson, barrons.com, Aug. 21, 2025. “Fitterer: Muni Bond Market Offers Compelling Opportunities,” Podcast with Chuck Jaffe, bairdassetmanagement.com, July 29, 2025. “Muni Bonds Aren’t Just for Rich Folks,” by Jeff Schlegel, fa-mag.com, Nov. 1, 2024. “Muni Bonds Are Looking Better,” by Elizabeth Foos, Morningstar.com, Oct. 28, 2025. Other Vanguard Tax-Exempt Bond Index Fund ETF Shares VTEB Vanguard Tax-Exempt Bond Index Fund Admiral Shares VTEAX “In Wreckage of Muni Market Crash, Brave Investors Eye Bonds at 90% Yields,” by Amanda Albright, advisorperspectives.com, March 25, 2020. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Joy Loverde. Joy is the author of Who Will Take Care Of Me When I’m Old? and The Complete Eldercare Planner. She also gives keynotes and workshops on aging and eldercare to many different types of organizations. In addition, she serves as a consultant to senior housing providers, HR professionals, attorneys, financial planners, clergy, and other members of the eldercare industry. She has also been a family caregiver to family and friends. Background Bio Who Will Take Care of Me When I’m Old? Plan Now to Safeguard Your Health and Happiness in Old Age The Complete Eldercare Planner, Revised and Updated 4th Edition: Where to Start, Which Questions to Ask, and How to Find Help Eldercare “'Aging in Place Has a Shelf Life’: What This Eldercare Expert Wants You to Know,” by Beth Pinsker, marketwatch.com, Oct. 28, 2023. “Preparing Solo Agers to Receive Long-Term Care,” by Joy Loverde, generations.asaging.org, June 21, 2023. “How to Manage Sibling Conflict Over Care of Elderly Parents,” by Elaine K. Howley, health.usnews.com, Feb. 5, 2025. “Going Solo: How to Plan for Retirement When You’re on Your Own,” by Diane Harris, nytimes.com, July 20, 2025. “Create a Life of Independence and Connection in Later Years,” seattletimes.com, June 30, 2025. Other My Mother’s Money: A Guide to Financial Caregiving, by Beth Pinsker “Beth Pinsker: Lessons From ‘My Mother’s Money,’” The Long View podcast, Morningstar.com, Nov. 4, 2025. Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Our guest on the podcast today is Mark Higgins. Mark serves as senior vice president for IFA Institutional, where he specializes in providing advisory services to institutional plans such as endowments, foundations, pension plans, defined-contribution plans, and various corporate plans. He’s the author of Investing in US Financial History: Understanding the Past to Forecast the Future. Mark graduated from Georgetown University, Phi Beta Kappa, and Magna Cum Laude with a bachelor’s degree in English and psychology. He received an MBA from the Darden School of Business at the University of Virginia. He is a CFA Charterholder and CFP professional. Mark, welcome to The Long View. Background Bio Investing in US Financial History: Understanding the Past to Forecast the Future Museum of American Finance Articles and Papers Discussed “The Story of Hetty Green: America’s First Value Investor and Financial Grandmaster,” by Mark Higgins, ssrn.com, March 11, 2022. “Rediscovering an American Treasure: The True Value of Hetty Green’s Legacy,” by Mark Higgins and Bethany Bengtson, researchgate.net, February 2025. “Investors Can Temper Their Inflation Fears: Post-Covid Inflation Is Unlikely to Resemble the Great Inflation of 1968-1982,” by Mark Higgins, papers.ssrn.com, Aug. 15, 2021. “The Phantom Menace: Inflated Expectations,” by Mark Higgins, finhistory.substack.com, Sept. 26, 2023. “Six Stages of Asset Bubbles: The Crypto Crash,” by Mark Higgins, businesstimes.com, Jan. 24, 2023. Other “Origins of the Great Inflation,” by Allan Meltzer, fedinprint.org, 2005. “The Anguish of Central Banking,” Lecture by Arthur F. Burns, perjacobsson.org, Sept. 30, 1979. Charles E. Merrill “A Rediscovered Masterpiece by Benjamin Graham,” by Jason Zweig, jasonzweig.com, March 31, 2015. “Portraits in Oversight: Ferdinand Pecora and the 1929 Stock Market Crash,” levin-center.org. Pioneering Portfolio Management: An Unconventional Approach to Institutional Investment, by David Swensen “Private Equity Confronts Swollen Investment Backlogs With Dealmaking Stuck,” by Maria Armental, wsj.com, June 2, 2025. “The Future Ain’t What It Used to Be for These Funds,” by Jason Zweig, wsj.com, June 6, 2025. The Great Inflation and Its Aftermath: The Past and Future of American Affluence, by Robert Samuelson The Big Board: A History of the New York Stock Market, by Robert Sobel Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.

Today on The Long View, we’re featuring an episode from another Morningstar podcast, The Morning Filter, which you can subscribe to on Apple podcasts or wherever you get your podcasts. In this special episode of The Morning Filter podcast, co-host Susan Dziubinski sits down with Morningstar columnist Dan Lefkovitz to take a deep dive into dividend stock investing today. They discuss what’s caused U.S. dividend stocks to lag this year while international dividend stocks have outperformed. Tune in to find out why the stock buyback boom is bad news for dividend seekers and what metrics investors should look at if they want to avoid dividend cuts. They name drop a few undervalued stocks that Morningstar thinks have stable dividends, cover why dividend growth stock investing is underappreciated, and close with a discussion about whether dividend stocks are poised to outperform in 2026. Episode Highlights Dividend Stock Performance: 2025 Recap What the Buyback Boom Means for Dividend Investors 3 Ways to Spot a Dividend Cut Early Dividend Growth Stocks: Why Bother? Read about topics from this episode. Stock Buybacks Are Booming in 2025. That’s Bad News for Dividend Investors The Surprising Truth About Dividend Growth Stocks Not All Dividend Stocks Are Safe. Here’s How to Avoid Dividend Traps Why International Dividend Stocks Have Pulled Ahead Got a question for Dave? Send it to themorningfilter@morningstar.com. Follow Dave on social media. Dave Sekera on X: @MstarMarkets Dave Sekera on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/davesekera Hosted by Simplecast, an AdsWizz company. See pcm.adswizz.com for information about our collection and use of personal data for advertising.